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	<title>philippajacks.co.uk &#187; Food &amp; Cooking</title>
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		<title>When is an fritatta an omelette?</title>
		<link>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2010/08/when-is-an-fritatta-an-omelette/</link>
		<comments>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2010/08/when-is-an-fritatta-an-omelette/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 21 Aug 2010 13:11:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Food & Cooking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[General]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Growing & Gardening]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[local produce]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cooking]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://philippajacks.co.uk/?p=1091</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Last weekend, I was perturbed as to how exactly I could use the Swiss Rainbow Chard that I&#8217;d ordered in my Farm Direct box. Following a helpful suggestion from Mr James Litston, I have this lunch-time pan-fried it with a little garlic until it softened (I cheated and sliced the tough stalky bits out). Then [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/chard11.jpg"><img class="alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-1093" style="border: 5px solid white;" title="Pan-frying swiss chard " src="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/chard11-150x150.jpg" alt="Fring swiss chard with a little garlic" width="150" height="150" /></a>Last weekend, <a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/2010/08/in-todays-delivery-of-farm-fresh-deliciousness/">I was perturbed</a> as to how exactly I could use the Swiss Rainbow Chard that I&#8217;d ordered in my Farm Direct box.</p>
<p>Following a helpful suggestion from Mr James Litston, I have this lunch-time pan-fried it with a little garlic until it softened (I cheated and sliced the tough stalky bits out).</p>
<p>Then I added two of my free range eggs from James Murdoch&#8217;s Duck Lane Farm, some salt and pepper, and cooked gently until firm.</p>
<p><a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/chard3.jpg"><img class="alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-1094" style="border: 5px solid white;" title="Swiss chard frittata" src="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/chard3-150x150.jpg" alt="A frittata made with swiss chard" width="150" height="150" /></a>The result was absolutely delicious but did look rather flat.</p>
<p>Which begs the question, when does a frittata become an omelette?</p>
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		<item>
		<title>In today&#8217;s delivery of farm fresh deliciousness&#8230;</title>
		<link>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2010/08/in-todays-delivery-of-farm-fresh-deliciousness/</link>
		<comments>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2010/08/in-todays-delivery-of-farm-fresh-deliciousness/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 14 Aug 2010 10:11:31 +0000</pubDate>
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				<category><![CDATA[Food & Cooking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[General]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Green Homes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Growing & Gardening]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[local produce]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[food miles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fresh produce]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://philippajacks.co.uk/?p=1045</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#8217;ve just received my next box from Farm Direct and it&#8217;s another corker. Some of the new products I&#8217;m trying: -  Free range eggs from James Murdoch&#8217;s Duck Lane Farm in Cardington, Bedfordshire -  An amazing walnut and apricot loaf from Matt Jones&#8217; Flour Power City Bakery in Surrey Quays -  Red, green and yellow [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/farm-direct-1.jpg"><img class="alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-1046" style="border: 5px solid white;" title="farm direct box" src="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/farm-direct-1-150x150.jpg" alt="Box of fresh veg and produce from Farm Direct" width="150" height="150" /></a></p>
<p>I&#8217;ve just received my next box from <a href="http://farm-direct.com/Default.aspx">Farm Direct</a> and it&#8217;s another corker. Some of the new products I&#8217;m trying:</p>
<p>-  Free range eggs from James Murdoch&#8217;s Duck Lane Farm in Cardington, Bedfordshire</p>
<p>-  An amazing walnut and apricot loaf from Matt Jones&#8217; Flour Power City Bakery in Surrey Quays</p>
<p>-  Red, green and yellow peppers from Ted’s Veg Farm in Bennington, Lincolnshire. Hurrah for these being in season in the UK now. I had been buying them from Sainsbury&#8217;s I&#8217;m afraid</p>
<p>- Garlic, also from Ted&#8217;s <a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/rainbow-chard.jpeg"><img class="size-thumbnail wp-image-1049 alignleft" style="border: 5px solid white;" title="rainbow chard" src="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/rainbow-chard-150x150.jpg" alt="" width="150" height="150" /></a>Veg</p>
<p>-  Rainbow chard from Martin Mackey Ripple Farm Organics in Canterbury (I admit I have no idea what I&#8217;m going to do with this yet but in the photo it just looks so pretty)</p>
<p>I&#8217;ve already made a tasty breakfast of onion omelette on walnut bread. And lo, the hangover is gone!</p>
<p><a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/farm-direct2.jpg"><img class="alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-1051" style="border: 5px solid white;" title="breakfast!" src="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/farm-direct2-150x150.jpg" alt="onion omelette on walnut and apricot toast" width="150" height="150" /></a></p>
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		<title>The magnetism of &#8216;green Jersey&#8217;</title>
		<link>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2010/06/the-magnetsm-of-green-jersey/</link>
		<comments>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2010/06/the-magnetsm-of-green-jersey/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 10 Jun 2010 19:49:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Food & Cooking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[General]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Wildlife]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ecotourism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[green travel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[animals]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[carbon footprint]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cooking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainable travel]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://philippajacks.co.uk/?p=987</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[This article first appeared in TTG] Despite a thorough explanation from instructor Derek on how to hold my paddle and how to slow down and change direction, I was still concerned about losing control and smashing up my kayak on the rocks. But Derek assured me the kayaks were practically indestructible. “You might hit into [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>[This article first appeared in TTG]</em></p>
<p><a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/kayakking-jersey.gif"><img class="alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-992" style="border: 5px solid white;" title="Jersey Kayak Adventures" src="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/kayakking-jersey-150x150.gif" alt="kayakking from the north coast of Jersey" width="150" height="150" /></a>Despite a thorough explanation from instructor Derek on how to hold my paddle and how to slow down and change direction, I was still concerned about losing control and smashing up my kayak on the rocks. But Derek assured me the kayaks were practically indestructible. “You might hit into each other, though – the kayaks have got magnets in them,” he warned us.</p>
<p>I’d have thought magnets would make the kayaks heavier and slower, but didn’t like to question it; Derek Hairon is a sea-kayaking expert and wrote the world’s first book on the subject. His company, Jersey Kayak Adventures, has been guiding trips around Jersey’s rugged coast and nearby islands since 2004.</p>
<p>As we navigated through narrow gaps  between rocks, I bumped apologetically into my fellow kayakers a few  times but nobody seemed to mind. It seemed the magnets in my kayak were  particularly strong.</p>
<p>The sea-level in Jersey rises and falls by up to 12  metres each tide, meaning you see different things each time you go  out. Travelling by sea-kayak also means accessing whole stretches of the  coast you never could on foot. Derek pointed out various bird species,  and told us about Jersey’s natural history and geology as we paddled.</p>
<p>It  was only as we peeled off our wetsuits at the end that Derek finally  admitted he’d been pulling my leg about the magnets. I sensed I hadn’t  been the first to fall for it.<br />
<strong></strong><br />
But  while he might joke about kayak magnetism, one thing Jersey Kayak  Adventures takes very seriously is its environmental impact. Kayakers  get a discount if they use public transport, and are encouraged to pick  up any litter they spot and to drink from refillable bicycle bottles  rather than buying bottled water.</p>
<p>There are other companies on Jersey  that have shown a similar commitment. Jersey was the first destination  in the world to gain Green Globe accreditation, and many hotels and  attractions are signed up to the Green Tourism Business Scheme (GTBS).</p>
<p>La  Mare Wine Estate is the only Gold award holder on the island, with  eco-measures such as using discarded cooking oil as bio-fuel for the  mini-bus and giving visitors a 5% discount if they use public transport  to reach the estate. Jersey is on the same latitude as the Champagne  region of France, so it enjoys an excellent grape-growing climate. La  Mare produces not just award-winning wines but also cider, apple brandy,  its own range of chocolates and to-die-for preserves.</p>
<p><strong>Animal magic</strong></p>
<p><a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/ornagutan-durrell.jpg"><img class="alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-993" style="border: 5px solid white;" title="Dagu the orangutan at Durrell, Jersey" src="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/ornagutan-durrell-150x150.jpg" alt="Dagu the orangutan at Durrell, Jersey" width="150" height="150" /></a>Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, founded by author and naturalist Gerald Durrell, holds a silver GTBS award. The Trust is involved in species conservation projects around the world, and “zoo” is something of a dirty word. Species at the centre include Andean bears, lemurs, tamarin monkeys and gorillas – you may remember TV footage from 1986 when a toddler fell into Durrell’s gorilla enclosure and the silverback sat next to the unconscious body to protect the boy from the other gorillas.</p>
<p>I went behind-the-scenes with a keeper to help prepare food for  the family of seven orangutans. The wheelbarrow of shiny onions, leeks  and cucumbers grown in Durrell’s own garden looked more like the Best In  Show at a village fete than the scraps I’d imagined the animals might  get. And it put me in the mind to try some local Jersey produce for  myself…<br />
<strong></strong><br />
Suma’s, the  less formal sister restaurant to Longueville Manor hotel, is located on  the waterfront in Gorey, overlooking the iconic Mont Orgueil Castle. I  was spoilt for choice with brill, seabass, Royal Bay oysters, lobster  and scallops caught off the very coast I’d explored by kayak the day  before. Jersey asparagus and a bowl of the first Jersey Royals of the  season were also mandatory.</p>
<p>In the last few years, the island’s  cuisine has become an important selling point, and it is proud of its  two Michelin stars and many AA rosettes. Marco Pierre White is to open a  restaurant on St Helier’s waterfront next year, and the tourist board  has recently tied up with Jamie Oliver’s Fifteen. Jamie’s trainee chefs  flew to Jersey to learn about oyster farming and growing potatoes, and  Jersey produce was then featured on the menu in the London restaurant.</p>
<p>The  island’s culinary kudos, coupled with an expanding choice of adventure  sports and events, is helping draw a new generation of holidaymakers.  “Jersey is attracting a younger crowd now, and short breaks are growing  fast,” says Premier Holidays marketing manager Emma Coteman.</p>
<p>This  summer in particular, the ash cloud and British Airways crises have  raised the profile of any destination easily reached by ferry instead of  flying. “Once people experience Jersey and how much there is to see and  do, they get drawn back again and again,” adds Emma.</p>
<p>I wonder if it  might be something to do with those magnets?</p>
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		<title>Aquaculture: a breeding ground for trouble?</title>
		<link>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2010/01/aquaculture-a-breeding-ground-for-trouble/</link>
		<comments>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2010/01/aquaculture-a-breeding-ground-for-trouble/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 03 Jan 2010 21:38:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Food & Cooking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[General]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[animal welfare]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[oceans]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[animals]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[marine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainable practices]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://philippajacks.co.uk/?p=812</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[A story about aquaculture on a North Carolina news site gave me food for thought. The journalist visited a research facility which is developing methods of artificially cultivating saltwater fish (aquaculture has been used more for freshwater fish to date). In many ways, I think aquaculture sounds like a sensible idea. Natural fish stocks around [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/shrimp-larvae-tanks.jpg"><img class="alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-814" style="border: 5px solid white;" title="Aquaculture: shrimp larvae tanks (credit: Philip Chou/SeaWeb)" src="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/shrimp-larvae-tanks-150x150.jpg" alt="" width="150" height="150" /></a>A <a href="http://www.starnewsonline.com/article/20091227/ARTICLES/912269990?p=1&amp;tc=pg">story about aquaculture on a North Carolina news site</a> gave me food for thought. The journalist visited a research facility which is developing methods of artificially cultivating saltwater fish (aquaculture has been used more for freshwater fish to date).</p>
<p>In many ways, I think aquaculture sounds like a sensible idea.</p>
<ul>
<li>Natural fish stocks around the world are now dangerously low because of overfishing. By farming fish in giant tanks, we can reduce the pressure on natural stocks while ensuring man&#8217;s food supply.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>As the fish nutritionist in this story points out, farmed fish on a controlled diet are free of the mercury and other contaminants found in fish taken from the sea.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>The story also suggets fish-farmers can charge more for farmed fish as they are more standardised in size, and the fish can reach the plate much faster (catching them really is as easy as shooting fish in a barrel&#8230;).</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Researchers are also trying to make the practise sustainable, by using waste-water to feel algae, which feeds plankton, which in turn feeds the fish.</li>
</ul>
<p>But I couldn&#8217;t help feeling uneasy about aquaculture &#8211; or at least, in the form in which it is described here.</p>
<ul>
<li>The description of how the fish eggs are extracted is pretty gross in itself:<em> &#8220;Flounder specialist Troy Rezek demonstrated “strip-spawning” on an anesthetized female, harvesting her eggs by pressing them out in a fluid-looking stream.</em>&#8220;</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>The fish might be free of mercury, but you can bet they require a lot of antibiotics and other medication because they&#8217;re kept in such close proximity.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>The story also says that a local company is now &#8220;air-expressing&#8221; fillets from North Carolina to other major cities in the US. A model built on air-freighting can hardly be the way forward &#8211; we&#8217;d certainly need to investigate inland fish farms as opposed to flying it inland from the coast.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>The journalist says that, because commercial fishmeal is expensive, the research centre has been experimenting with substitute protein sources such as soybeans. Considering the <a href="http://www.greenpeace.org/usa/campaigns/forests/forests-worldwide/the-amazon-rainforest">massive Amazon deforestation</a> that is already taking place to make way for soya plantations, developing yet another industry which depends upon it does not sound good.</li>
</ul>
<p>That said, the fish do have to be fed on something, and soya would be preferable to smaller fish being taken from the ocean to feed them &#8211; a practise which <a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/2009/12/seaweb-the-oceans-pr-agency/">Kristian Teleki of SeaWeb mentioned in his lecture in December</a>.</p>
<p>I didn&#8217;t have a clue how big the global aquaculture industry is, but when I looked into it, I realised it&#8217;s huge:  WWF says almost half the seafood we eat have been artificially farmed, and that aquaculture is the fastest growing food industry in the world.</p>
<p>SeaWeb and WWF are extremely concerned about damaging aquaculture practises &#8211; but I see that both organisations are currently helping set up the <a href="http://www.worldwildlife.org/what/globalmarkets/aquaculture/aquaculturedialogues.html">Aquaculture Stewardship Council</a> (ASC) &#8211; a new body expected to be in operation by 2011. Furthermore, new global standards for the f<a href="http://www.worldwildlife.org/who/media/press/2009/WWFPresitem14387.html">arming of tilapia</a> were released just a few weeks ago, with several other species guidelines to come, so I&#8217;m hopeful that aquaculture will develop in a responsible and sustainable way in the future.</p>
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		<title>Soya update: my first milk-free fortnight</title>
		<link>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2009/09/soya-update-my-first-milk-free-fortnight/</link>
		<comments>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2009/09/soya-update-my-first-milk-free-fortnight/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 29 Sep 2009 15:22:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Food & Cooking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[General]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[animal welfare]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[animals]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainable practices]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://philippajacks.co.uk/?p=663</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#8217;m now two weeks into my cow&#8217;s milk ban, and I&#8217;ve done pretty bloody well. Soya yoghurt is not too bad at all, and Alpro makes a tasty chocolate mousse dessert. For cereal and porridge, I&#8217;ve had to swap from soya milk to rice milk, which is much more drinkable. And I&#8217;ve had to allow [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;m now two weeks into my cow&#8217;s milk ban, and I&#8217;ve done pretty bloody well. Soya yoghurt is not too bad at all, a<a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/rice-and-oat-milk.jpg"><img class="alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-665" style="border: 5px solid white;" title="rice and oat milk" src="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/rice-and-oat-milk-150x150.jpg" alt="rice and oat milk" width="159" height="159" /></a>nd Alpro makes a tasty chocolate mousse dessert.</p>
<p>For cereal and porridge, I&#8217;ve had to swap from soya milk to rice milk, which is much more drinkable. And I&#8217;ve had to allow myself one cup of tea with real milk per morning, as I couldn&#8217;t finish a mugful made with either soya or rice milk, and I don&#8217;t think anyone would begrudge me one cuppa a day.</p>
<p>Entirely by chance I happened to give up dairy at the same time as <a href="http://www.naturalsoya.co.uk/">Natural Soya Week</a>, and I came across a website with lots of useful info.</p>
<p>Unfortunately it&#8217;s also confused things for me rather, as I&#8217;ve been reading that <a href="http://www.naturalsoya.co.uk/same.htm">not all soya products are created equal</a>&#8230;.unscrupulous soya companies use unsustainable practices, clearing the Amazon rainforest for their plantations almost as quickly as the cattle farmers are.</p>
<p>The European Natural Soya Association (ENSA) which is behind Soya Week has a charter which ensures its members do not buy soya grown on land that was previously rainforest, do not use GM ingredients, and use only natural manufacturing processes &#8211; that is, using the whole soya bean rather than &#8216;isolates&#8217;.</p>
<p>Alpro is the only ENSA member that sells products in the UK, so if I stick to that (expensive as it is), I should be assured that my blueberry yoghurt is ethically sound. I saw some infinitely cheaper Sainsbury&#8217;s no-frills soya milk for just 60p, but I doubt it meets the rigorous ENSA criteria if it can be produced that cheaply.</p>
<p>Once I&#8217;ve got through my box of rice milk, the next variety I&#8217;ve bought to test is&#8230;.oat milk. How they manage to squeeze milk out of an oat &#8211; surely one of our driest foodstuffs &#8211; is beyond me. I&#8217;m rather hoping the milk will taste like flapjack.</p>
<p>So in terms of milk and yoghurt, I&#8217;m fairly happy, but the lack of cheese could prove my undoing.<a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/goat.jpg"><img class="alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-671" style="border: 5px solid white;" title="is goat's milk more ethical than cow's milk?" src="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/goat-150x150.jpg" alt="is goat's milk more ethical than cow's milk?" width="150" height="150" /></a></p>
<p>I wondered if goat&#8217;s cheese (feta, mmmmm) would be an acceptable alternative, but from what I can gather, goats bred for milking tend to be kept in similar production-line conditions to dairy cows.</p>
<p>Even if you bought organic goat&#8217;s milk products, from goats who led the life of Riley, you can&#8217;t escape the fact that the goat spends most of its adult life pregnant, so the milk is still full of hormones, and there&#8217;s still the question of what they do with all the huge number of unwanted male goats that are born.</p>
<p>So I&#8217;m currently in search of some soya-based alternatives.</p>
<p>Soya cheese was a little beyond Sainsbury&#8217;s means, so I&#8217;m going to have to head down to Mother Earth. I&#8217;m not relishing the sound of <a href="http://www.goodnessdirect.co.uk/cgi-local/frameset/sect/CDACH_Non_dairy_Cheese.html">products like &#8216;sheese&#8217; </a>though, I&#8217;ll be honest&#8230;&#8230;</p>
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		<title>Pus and nonsense: just what does cow&#8217;s milk contain?</title>
		<link>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2009/09/what-does-cows-milk-contain/</link>
		<comments>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2009/09/what-does-cows-milk-contain/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 20 Sep 2009 20:12:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Food & Cooking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[General]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[animal welfare]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[animals]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Wildlife]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://philippajacks.co.uk/?p=618</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Eavesdropping on the Tube yesterday, I overheard an alarming fact that made me almost choke on my strawberry yogurt smoothie. A girl was telling her friend how she&#8217;d recently given up cows&#8217; milk, after finding out &#8220;it&#8217;s full of pus and blood and all sorts&#8221;. Hoping she&#8217;d made it up, I launched a full-scale Google [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/glass-milk.jpg"><img class="alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-625" style="border: 5px solid white;" title="glass of cows' milk" src="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/glass-milk-150x150.jpg" alt="glass of cows' milk" width="150" height="150" /></a>Eavesdropping on the Tube yesterday, I overheard an alarming fact that made me almost choke on my strawberry yogurt smoothie. A girl was telling her friend how she&#8217;d recently given up cows&#8217; milk, after finding out &#8220;it&#8217;s full of pus and blood and all sorts&#8221;.</p>
<p>Hoping she&#8217;d made it up, I launched a full-scale Google investigation as soon as I got home. Alas, it does appear to be true &#8211; PETA has an <a href="http://www.milksucks.com/index2.asp">entire campaign</a> about it.</p>
<p>The problem seems to be this: because they are farmed so intensively, dairy cows get mastitis, a painful udder infection which creates loads of pus. Around a third of dairy cows will have the infection at any one time, so a lot of it ends up in the milk we drink.</p>
<p>There can legally be <a href="http://www.vegetarian.org.uk/mediareleases/060524a.html">up to 400 million pus cells</a> in every litre of milk in the UK. It also contains antibiotics and growth factors given to the cows, and since a dairy cow spends most of its life pregnant, it&#8217;s full of cow hormones.</p>
<p>I&#8217;ve always thought of milk as one of the most natural and healthy foodstuffs there is, and vital for strong bones and all that jazz. But the more I think about it, the stranger the idea of drinking milk sounds. As Heather McCartney (<a href="http://www.vegetarian.org.uk/mediareleases/060524a.html">patron of the Vegetarian and Vegan Foundation</a>) says:</p>
<p><em>&#8220;No other mammal drinks milk after weaning – and certainly not the milk of another species. Would you drink the milk of a cat, dog or elephant?&#8221;</em></p>
<p>It&#8217;s not just veggies and treehuggers who are anti-dairy. Some medical practitioners say<a href="http://www.pcrm.org/health/veginfo/dairy.html"> it has health risks too</a>.</p>
<p>The ethical implications are also massive. PETA&#8217;s <a href="http://www.milksucks.com/index2.asp">Milk Sucks</a> website says:</p>
<p><em><span style="font-family: Arial,Verdana; font-size: x-small;">&#8220;Male calves, the &#8220;byproducts&#8221; of the dairy industry, endure 14 to 17 weeks of torment in veal crates so small that they can&#8217;t even turn around. </span><span style="font-family: Arial,Verdana; font-size: x-small;">Female calves often replace </span></em><a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/soya-milk.jpg"><img class="alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-623" style="border: 5px solid white;" title="Alpro soya milk" src="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/soya-milk-150x150.jpg" alt="Alpro soya milk" width="150" height="150" /></a><em><span style="font-family: Arial,Verdana; font-size: x-small;">their old, worn-out mothers, or are slaughtered soon after birth for the rennet in their stomachs (an ingredient of most commercial cheeses). They are often kept in tiny crates or tethered in stalls for the first few months of their lives, only to grow up to become &#8220;milk machines&#8221; like their mothers.&#8221;</span></em></p>
<p>I&#8217;m still looking into it &#8211; there are bound to be some good counter-arguments &#8211; but in the meantime I&#8217;m going to have a go at cutting dairy out of my diet.</p>
<p>I do eat an awful lot of yogurt and cheese so it&#8217;s going to be tricky. I&#8217;ve already invested in some soya milk: the unsweetened version tastes like crap, to be honest, but the sweetened version is a bit more drinkable.</p>
<p>It ruins a cup of tea, mind. So let&#8217;s see how long I last&#8230;&#8230;.</p>
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		<title>Crumbs! How ethical are your biscuits?</title>
		<link>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2009/08/crumbs-how-ethical-are-your-biscuits/</link>
		<comments>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2009/08/crumbs-how-ethical-are-your-biscuits/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 19 Aug 2009 08:31:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Food & Cooking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[General]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Green Homes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Wildlife]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[animal welfare]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://philippajacks.co.uk/?p=567</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I take biscuits very seriously. A good cup of tea and a biscuit can be the only thing which keeps me going at half past three in the afternoon. They are a great source of debate &#8211; how much chocolate coating can a biscuit have before it becomes an item of confectionery?  Is the Jaffa [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/Cookie.jpg"><img class="alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-573" style="border: 5px solid white;" title="Ethical / green biscuits" src="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/Cookie-150x150.jpg" alt="Ethical / green biscuits" width="150" height="150" /></a>I take biscuits very seriously. A good cup of tea and a biscuit can be the only thing which keeps me going at half past three in the afternoon. They are a great source of debate &#8211; how much chocolate coating can a biscuit have before it becomes an item of confectionery?  Is the Jaffa Cake a cake or a biscuit? And why do they still insist on putting Bourbons into Family Favourites tins when no-one likes them?</p>
<p>Something I&#8217;ve never considered, however, is their ethical/green credentials. Luckily, the latest issue of <a href="http://www.ethicalconsumer.org/">Ethical Consumer</a> has done the research for me.</p>
<p>Interestingly, when the magazine looked at biscuits a decade ago, the issues were very different. The emphasis then was on the use of genetically-modified ingredients. A lot of food companies have since moved away from GM products, though it remains an concern.</p>
<p>A massive new issue to be addressed is the use of palm oil by food manufacturers. Indonesia has already given up six million hectares of land to palm oil, displacing local people, creating soil erosion, and destroying natural habitats &#8211; of the orangutan in particular.</p>
<p>(I don&#8217;t want to put you off your breakfast but see the <a href="http://www.born-to-be-wild.org/html/palm_oil.html">Born To Be Wild site</a> for more on the brutal killing of orangutans to make way for <a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/Orangutan-Pam-oil-burnt.jpg"><img class="alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-575" style="border: 5px solid white;" title="An orangutan burnt to death as forests are cleared for palm oil" src="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/Orangutan-Pam-oil-burnt-150x150.jpg" alt="An orangutan burnt to death as forests are cleared for palm oil" width="150" height="150" /></a>palm oil plantations.) Clearly that&#8217;s to be avoided, so I&#8217;m keen to steer clear of products which contain palm oil &#8211; or unsustainable palm oil such as that from Indonesia.</p>
<p>Now, rightly or wrongly, I perceive more ethically and environmentally-conscious products to be more expensive, and in the case of biscuits it seems to be broadly true.</p>
<p>Duchy&#8217;s Originals get quite a high &#8216;ethiscore&#8217; (in 8th place out of 31) and they are bloody good biscuits. I&#8217;ve enjoyed many a Sicilian Lemon Shortbread &#8211; mainly when I&#8217;ve bought them for my Nan for Christmas. But at £2.39 per 100g for <a href="http://www.duchyoriginals.com/chocolate_vanilla_shortbread.php">Chocolate and Vanilla Shortbread,</a> it&#8217;s hard to justify them as an everyday biscuit.</p>
<p>The biscuits with the 2nd and 4th-highest ethiscores were also extremely expensive: Island Bakery&#8217;s Organic Chocolate Gingers at £3.08 per 100g and Against The Grain&#8217;s Chocolate Chip and Hazlenut biscuits at £3.05 per 100g.</p>
<p>The fact that I&#8217;ve never even heard of these brands says something about their availability in supermarkets.<a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/Bis016.jpg"><img class="alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-574" style="border: 5px solid white;" title="Duchy Originals Chocolate and Vanilla Cookies" src="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/Bis016-150x150.jpg" alt="Duchy Originals Chocolate and Vanilla Cookies" width="150" height="150" /></a></p>
<p>What was a pleasant surprise was that the brand which had the highest and 3rd highest scores were not nearly as expensive as some less ethical brands. Dove&#8217;s Farm Hazlenut Cookies are quoted at just £1.53 per 100g, so half the price of Island Bakery&#8217;s comparable product.</p>
<p>I hunted high and low at the big Harringey Sainsbury&#8217;s but couldn&#8217;t find these mysterious Doves Farm biccies. Or Island Bakery or Against The Grain, for that matter. Doves Farm might be reasonably priced but where on earth can you lay your hands on them?</p>
<p>The Doves Farm website says Mother Earth in Islington is one of its stockists so I will make it my weekend&#8217;s mission to purchase some of their champion biscuits. In the name of ethical research, you understand&#8230;.</p>
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		<title>Croaking it: the global decline of frog populations</title>
		<link>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2009/08/croaking-it-the-global-decline-of-frog-populations/</link>
		<comments>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2009/08/croaking-it-the-global-decline-of-frog-populations/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 16 Aug 2009 20:09:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Food & Cooking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[General]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Wildlife]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[climate change]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://philippajacks.co.uk/?p=556</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Frogs are one of my all-time favourite creatures. They&#8217;re right up there with cats, primates, whales and the slow loris for me. So I was quite concerned to read how human consumption of frogs is having a devastating effect on populations around the world; up to a billion frogs a year are taken from the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/Red-EyedTreefrog-2.jpg"><img class="alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-563" style="border: 5px solid white;" title="Red-eyed tree frog" src="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/Red-EyedTreefrog-2-150x150.jpg" alt="Red-eyed tree frog" width="150" height="150" /></a>Frogs are one of my all-time favourite creatures. They&#8217;re right up there with cats, primates, whales and the slow loris for me. So I was quite concerned to read how human consumption of frogs is having a devastating effect on populations around the world; <a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/7845306.stm">up to a billion frogs a year</a> are taken from the wild for us to eat.</p>
<p>I suppose I&#8217;d presumed that frog-eating nations (for it&#8217;s not just the French &#8211; America buys almost as many) had some kind of frog farms where frogs are bred for eating, but the <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2009/aug/07/frogs-legs-eating-endanged">Guardian says not</a>. Commercial frog farming has been banned in France since 1980 and it imports nearly all its frogs legs (up to 4,000 tonnes) deep-frozen from Indonesia.</p>
<p>It seems absolute madness that frogs be transported from the wilds of Indonesia for human consumption. If you&#8217;re really desperate for frogs legs, you&#8217;d have thought they&#8217;d be pretty cheap to keep and breed right here in Europe.</p>
<p>Also this week, I noticed that the Zoological Society of London has successfully bred some frogs from Montserrat in the Caribbean. Leptodactylus fallax frogs  <a href="http://www.zsl.org/conservation/news/rare-frogs-start-breeding,620,NS.html">have laid four batches of tadpoles this week</a>. ZSL&#8217;s site says the frog is endangered because of a fungal infection, but the fact that this frog is also known as the <a href="http://www.dominica.gov.dm/cms/index.php?q=node/696">&#8220;mountain chicken frog&#8221;</a> gives you some idea of why else it might be under threat! They used to be found on seven Caribbean islands but are now on only Monsterrat and Dominica.<a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/mountain_chicken_frog_zsl@body2.JPG"><img class="alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-564" style="border: 5px solid white;" title="Mountain Chicken Frog from the Caribbean" src="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/mountain_chicken_frog_zsl@body2-150x150.jpg" alt="Mountain Chicken Frog from the Caribbean" width="150" height="150" /></a></p>
<p>Fortunately my very favourite frogs &#8211; the bright green red-eyed treefrogs with sucker blobs on the ends of their fingers &#8211; don&#8217;t tend to have much meat on them, so are less appealing from a culinary point of view. However, numbers of all frogs are still massively declining.</p>
<p>There are more than 6,000 amphibians on the <a href="http://www.iucnredlist.org/amphibians">International Union of Conservation for Nature&#8217;s Red List,</a> and there is particular concern for those living in rainforests. Factors causing the decline are thought to include climate change, habitat loss, acid rain, pesticides, and pathogens. <a href="http://www.iucnredlist.org/amphibians/key_findings">Nearly a third</a> of the world&#8217;s amphibian species are said to be endangered or extinct.</p>
<p>Frogs are a &#8216;canary in the coal mine&#8217; because they have permeable skins and feel the effect of changes to their surrounding environment very quickly. They are therefore a very good indicator of the general environmental health of an area. So it&#8217;s doubly-scary that they&#8217;re dying out so quickly.</p>
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		<title>Are strawberries from Spain more green than British ones?</title>
		<link>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2009/07/strawberry-food-miles/</link>
		<comments>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2009/07/strawberry-food-miles/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 26 Jul 2009 17:11:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[General]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Growing & Gardening]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[carbon footprint]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Food & Cooking]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://philippajacks.co.uk/?p=470</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I was alarmed to read an article on the Independent&#8217;s site today about local produce and food miles. It refers to a Defra report which says that it is more environmentally-friendly to import certain produce from overseas than it is to grow it here in the UK. Along with Pimms and Wimbledon, the British strawberry [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/strawberies.jpg"><img class="alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-473" style="border: 5px solid white;" title="Strawberries - is British best?" src="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/strawberies-150x150.jpg" alt="Strawberries - is British best?" width="150" height="150" /></a>I was alarmed to read an article on the <a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/green-living/if-you-want-to-go-green-buy-spanish-strawberries-1761488.html">Independent&#8217;s site</a> today about local produce and food miles. It refers to a Defra report which says that it is more environmentally-friendly to import certain produce from overseas than it is to grow it here in the UK.</p>
<p>Along with Pimms and Wimbledon, the British strawberry is something to really look forward to in summer. When they come into the supermarkets, I can&#8217;t bear to leave them on the shelves.</p>
<p>But the report says that farmers in Britain use energy-intensive, heated greenhouses to grow their strawberries, while in sunny Spain they can be grown without. Getting the strawberries to the UK from Spain does create carbon emissions, but still not equal to the energy which we put into growing them here.</p>
<p>It was news to me that we even use greenhouses for strawberries in the UK. They seemed to grow perfectly well in fields when I used to go strawberry picking/eating as a kid. When did the temperature-controlled greenhouse get involved?</p>
<p>Foreign strawberries don&#8217;t taste half as good as ours, so I refuse to buy Spanish instead. There must be some British strawberries on the market which have been grown less intensively, and without the need for heat? It might be tricky to track them down, short of growing them myself, and I <a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/2009/06/wedding-bells-at-springhead-sustainable-living-centre/">haven&#8217;t been fantastically successful with growing stuff in the past</a>. A farmers&#8217; market, perhaps?</p>
<p>Another worrying comparison highlighted in the article:</p>
<p><em>&#8220;If transport is taken out of the equation, lamb from New Zealand is a more sustainable choice than that farmed in Britain – with less energy used for farming in a climate where there is less need for feed supplements and heated farm buildings.&#8221;</em></p>
<p>But do lambs really live in heated buildings? Surely they live on hills in the fresh air with the grown-up sheep?</p>
<p>Again, I imagine it&#8217;s a matter of farming intensity. If I stick to organic, sustainable lamb, it is less likely to have been produced in an energy-intensive way than cheap lamb.</p>
<p>The report&#8217;s conclusion seems confused at the moment, but Defra will apparently recommend new food production policies later this year. In the meantime, I&#8217;ll continue to try to scrape together the money for locally-sourced, sustainably-grown, ethically-sound, overly-expensive lamb when I can&#8230;.</p>
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		<title>Rotten tomatoes: what to do with food waste?</title>
		<link>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2009/07/what-to-do-with-food-wast/</link>
		<comments>http://philippajacks.co.uk/2009/07/what-to-do-with-food-wast/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 18 Jul 2009 17:20:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[General]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Green Homes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Recycling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Food & Cooking]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://philippajacks.co.uk/?p=435</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#8217;ve just commented on William Skidelsky&#8217;s column on guardian.co.uk about food waste. I try to be careful with my shopping, and am pretty good at cooking big batches and freezing meals for later in the week. But all it takes is for my evening plans to change last minute, and I end up with a [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/Tomatoes.jpg"><img class="alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-444" title="Tomatoes" src="http://philippajacks.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/Tomatoes-150x150.jpg" alt="Tomatoes" width="150" height="150" /></a>I&#8217;ve just commented on <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/ethicallivingblog/2009/jul/17/food-waste-tristram-stuart?commentid=f6441612-b152-460f-8257-c7920c3171fe">William Skidelsky&#8217;s column</a> on <a href="www.guardian.co.uk">guardian.co.uk</a> about food waste.</p>
<p>I try to be careful with my shopping, and am pretty good at cooking big batches and freezing meals for later in the week. But all it takes is for my evening plans to change last minute, and I end up with a fridge full of manky vegetables by the weekend. There&#8217;s also all the peelings, tea bags and left-overs that end up in the bin.</p>
<p>Skidelsky&#8217;s column prompted me to look at how I might be able to recycle our own food waste.</p>
<p>When I lived in the borough of Islington, I had a small, brown, food waste bin provided by the council but since crossing the border into Hackney, I haven&#8217;t had one.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.hackney.gov.uk/blue_bin.htm">Hackney Council&#8217;s recycling website</a> says that blue bins for food waste are available to all street-level properties, but since I&#8217;m in a first floor flat I won&#8217;t qualify.</p>
<p>The council is apparently trialling the collection of food waste from selected estates and high-rise buildings but we&#8217;re not on <a href="http://www.hackney.gov.uk/recycling_on_estates.htm">the list</a>. So I&#8217;ve emailed the council to ask what they suggest I can do. I hope traipsing around the housing estates of Hackney to find somewhere to dump my wizened lemons and skanky carrots is not its only suggestion.</p>
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